Structural and functional characterization of cyclic pyrimidine-regulated anti-phage system

Mei-Hui Hou, Chao-Jung Chen, Chia-Shin Yang, Yu-Chuan Wang and Yeh Chen ()
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Mei-Hui Hou: National Chung Hsing University
Chao-Jung Chen: China Medical University
Chia-Shin Yang: National Chung Hsing University
Yu-Chuan Wang: National Chung Hsing University
Yeh Chen: National Chung Hsing University

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-15

Abstract: Abstract 3’,5’-cyclic uridine monophosphate (cUMP) and 3’,5’-cyclic cytidine monophosphate (cCMP) have been established as bacterial second messengers in the phage defense system, named pyrimidine cyclase system for anti-phage resistance (Pycsar). This system consists of a pyrimidine cyclase and a cyclic pyrimidine receptor protein. However, the molecular mechanism underlying cyclic pyrimidine synthesis and recognition remains unclear. Herein, we determine the crystal structures of a uridylate cyclase and a cytidylate cyclase, revealing the conserved residues for cUMP and cCMP production, respectively. In addition, a distinct zinc-finger motif of the uridylate cyclase is identified to confer substantial resistance against phage infections. Furthermore, structural characterization of cUMP receptor protein PycTIR provides clear picture of specific cUMP recognition and identifies a conserved N-terminal extension that mediates PycTIR oligomerization and activation. Overall, our results contribute to the understanding of cyclic pyrimidine-mediated bacterial defense.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49861-2

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