Ultra-low power carbon nanotube/porphyrin synaptic arrays for persistent photoconductivity and neuromorphic computing

Jian Yao, Qinan Wang, Yong Zhang, Yu Teng, Jing Li, Pin Zhao, Chun Zhao (), Ziyi Hu, Zongjie Shen, Liwei Liu, Dan Tian, Song Qiu, Zhongrui Wang, Lixing Kang () and Qingwen Li ()
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Jian Yao: University of Science and Technology of China
Qinan Wang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Yong Zhang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Yu Teng: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Jing Li: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Pin Zhao: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Chun Zhao: Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University
Ziyi Hu: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Zongjie Shen: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Liwei Liu: University of Science and Technology of China
Dan Tian: Nanjing Forestry University
Song Qiu: University of Science and Technology of China
Zhongrui Wang: Pokfulam Road
Lixing Kang: University of Science and Technology of China
Qingwen Li: University of Science and Technology of China

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract Developing devices with a wide-temperature range persistent photoconductivity (PPC) and ultra-low power consumption remains a significant challenge for optical synaptic devices used in neuromorphic computing. By harnessing the PPC properties in materials, it can achieve optical storage and neuromorphic computing, surpassing the von Neuman architecture-based systems. However, previous research implemented PPC required additional gate voltages and low temperatures, which need additional energy consumption and PPC cannot be achieved across a wide temperature range. Here, we fabricated a simple heterojunctions using zinc(II)-meso-tetraphenyl porphyrin (ZnTPP) and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). By leveraging the strong binding energy at the heterojunction interface and the unique band structure, the heterojunction achieved PPC over an exceptionally wide temperature range (77 K-400 K). Remarkably, it demonstrated nonvolatile storage for up to 2×104 s, without additional gate voltage. The minimum energy consumption for each synaptic event is as low as 6.5 aJ. Furthermore, we successfully demonstrate the feasibility to manufacture a flexible wafer-scale array utilizing this heterojunction. We applied it to autonomous driving under extreme temperatures and achieved as a high impressive accuracy rate as 94.5%. This tunable and stable wide-temperature PPC capability holds promise for ultra-low-power neuromorphic computing.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50490-y

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