Ventilator-associated pneumonia: pathobiological heterogeneity and diagnostic challenges

Fiona Howroyd (), Cyril Chacko, Andrew MacDuff, Nandan Gautam, Brian Pouchet, Bill Tunnicliffe, Jonathan Weblin, Fang Gao-Smith, Zubair Ahmed (), Niharika A. Duggal () and Tonny Veenith ()
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Fiona Howroyd: University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust
Cyril Chacko: The Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust
Andrew MacDuff: The Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust
Nandan Gautam: Mindelsohn Way
Brian Pouchet: Mindelsohn Way
Bill Tunnicliffe: Mindelsohn Way
Jonathan Weblin: University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust
Fang Gao-Smith: The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston
Zubair Ahmed: The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston
Niharika A. Duggal: The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston
Tonny Veenith: The Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-13

Abstract: Abstract Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) affects up to 20% of critically ill patients and induces significant antibiotic prescription pressure, accounting for half of all antibiotic use in the ICU. VAP significantly increases hospital length of stay and healthcare costs yet is also associated with long-term morbidity and mortality. The diagnosis of VAP continues to present challenges and pitfalls for the currently available clinical, radiological and microbiological diagnostic armamentarium. Biomarkers and artificial intelligence offer an innovative potential direction for ongoing future research. In this Review, we summarise the pathobiological heterogeneity and diagnostic challenges associated with VAP.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50805-z

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