Convergent direct and indirect cortical streams shape avoidance decisions in mice via the midline thalamus

Jun Ma, John J. O’Malley, Malaz Kreiker, Yan Leng, Isbah Khan, Morgan Kindel and Mario A. Penzo ()
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Jun Ma: National Institute of Mental Health
John J. O’Malley: National Institute of Mental Health
Malaz Kreiker: National Institute of Mental Health
Yan Leng: National Institute of Mental Health
Isbah Khan: National Institute of Mental Health
Morgan Kindel: National Institute of Mental Health
Mario A. Penzo: National Institute of Mental Health

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-17

Abstract: Abstract Current concepts of corticothalamic organization in the mammalian brain are mainly based on sensory systems, with less focus on circuits for higher-order cognitive functions. In sensory systems, first-order thalamic relays are driven by subcortical inputs and modulated by cortical feedback, while higher-order relays receive strong excitatory cortical inputs. The applicability of these principles beyond sensory systems is uncertain. We investigated mouse prefronto-thalamic projections to the midline thalamus, revealing distinct top-down control. Unlike sensory systems, this pathway relies on indirect modulation via the thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN). Specifically, the prelimbic area, which influences emotional and motivated behaviors, impacts instrumental avoidance responses through direct and indirect projections to the paraventricular thalamus. Both pathways promote defensive states, but the indirect pathway via the TRN is essential for organizing avoidance decisions through disinhibition. Our findings highlight intra-thalamic circuit dynamics that integrate cortical cognitive signals and their role in shaping complex behaviors.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50941-6

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