Human genetic structure in Northwest France provides new insights into West European historical demography

Isabel Alves, Joanna Giemza, Michael G. B. Blum, Carolina Bernhardsson, Stéphanie Chatel, Matilde Karakachoff, Aude Pierre, Anthony F. Herzig, Robert Olaso, Martial Monteil, Véronique Gallien, Elodie Cabot, Emma Svensson, Delphine Bacq, Estelle Baron, Charlotte Berthelier, Céline Besse, Hélène Blanché, Ozvan Bocher, Anne Boland, Stéphanie Bonnaud, Eric Charpentier, Claire Dandine-Roulland, Claude Férec, Christine Fruchet, Simon Lecointe, Edith Floch, Thomas E. Ludwig, Gaëlle Marenne, Vincent Meyer, Elisabeth Quellery, Fernando Racimo, Karen Rouault, Florian Sandron, Jean-Jacques Schott, Lourdes Velo-Suarez, Jade Violleau, Eske Willerslev, Yves Coativy, Mael Jézéquel, Daniel Bris, Clément Nicolas, Yvan Pailler, Marcel Goldberg, Marie Zins, Hervé Marec, Mattias Jakobsson, Pierre Darlu, Emmanuelle Génin, Jean-François Deleuze, Richard Redon () and Christian Dina ()
Additional contact information
Isabel Alves: Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l’institut du thorax
Joanna Giemza: Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l’institut du thorax
Michael G. B. Blum: Univ. Grenoble Alpes
Carolina Bernhardsson: Uppsala University
Stéphanie Chatel: Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l’institut du thorax
Matilde Karakachoff: Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l’institut du thorax
Aude Pierre: Univ Brest, Inserm, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB
Anthony F. Herzig: Univ Brest, Inserm, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB
Robert Olaso: Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine (CNRGH)
Martial Monteil: Nantes Université, CNRS, Ministère de la Culture, CReAAH, LARA
Véronique Gallien: INRAP - Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives
Elodie Cabot: INRAP - Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives
Emma Svensson: Uppsala University
Delphine Bacq: Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine (CNRGH)
Estelle Baron: Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l’institut du thorax
Charlotte Berthelier: Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l’institut du thorax
Céline Besse: Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine (CNRGH)
Hélène Blanché: CEPH
Ozvan Bocher: Univ Brest, Inserm, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB
Anne Boland: Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine (CNRGH)
Stéphanie Bonnaud: Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l’institut du thorax
Eric Charpentier: Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l’institut du thorax
Claire Dandine-Roulland: Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine (CNRGH)
Claude Férec: Univ Brest, Inserm, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB
Christine Fruchet: Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l’institut du thorax
Simon Lecointe: Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l’institut du thorax
Edith Floch: Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine (CNRGH)
Thomas E. Ludwig: Univ Brest, Inserm, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB
Gaëlle Marenne: Univ Brest, Inserm, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB
Vincent Meyer: Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine (CNRGH)
Elisabeth Quellery: Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l’institut du thorax
Fernando Racimo: University of Copenhagen
Karen Rouault: Univ Brest, Inserm, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB
Florian Sandron: Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine (CNRGH)
Jean-Jacques Schott: Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l’institut du thorax
Lourdes Velo-Suarez: Univ Brest, Inserm, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB
Jade Violleau: Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l’institut du thorax
Eske Willerslev: University of Copenhagen
Yves Coativy: Université de Bretagne Occidentale
Mael Jézéquel: Université de Bretagne Occidentale
Daniel Bris: Université de Bretagne Occidentale
Clément Nicolas: Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne, Centre Malher, 9 rue Malher
Yvan Pailler: Université de Brest, Université de Nantes, Université de Rennes 2, Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer
Marcel Goldberg: Université Paris Cité, “Population-based Cohorts Unit”, INSERM, Paris Saclay University, UVSQ
Marie Zins: Université Paris Cité, “Population-based Cohorts Unit”, INSERM, Paris Saclay University, UVSQ
Hervé Marec: Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l’institut du thorax
Mattias Jakobsson: Uppsala University
Pierre Darlu: Université de Paris Cité
Emmanuelle Génin: Univ Brest, Inserm, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB
Jean-François Deleuze: Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine (CNRGH)
Richard Redon: Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l’institut du thorax
Christian Dina: Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l’institut du thorax

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-18

Abstract: Abstract The demographical history of France remains largely understudied despite its central role toward understanding modern population structure across Western Europe. Here, by exploring publicly available Europe-wide genotype datasets together with the genomes of 3234 present-day and six newly sequenced medieval individuals from Northern France, we found extensive fine-scale population structure across Brittany and the downstream Loire basin and increased population differentiation between the northern and southern sides of the river Loire, associated with higher proportions of steppe vs. Neolithic-related ancestry. We also found increased allele sharing between individuals from Western Brittany and those associated with the Bell Beaker complex. Our results emphasise the need for investigating local populations to better understand the distribution of rare (putatively deleterious) variants across space and the importance of common genetic legacy in understanding the sharing of disease-related alleles between Brittany and people from western Britain and Ireland.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51087-1

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