In situ assembly of an injectable cardiac stimulator

Umut Aydemir, Abdelrazek H. Mousa, Cedric Dicko, Xenofon Strakosas, Muhammad Anwar Shameem, Karin Hellman, Amit Singh Yadav, Peter Ekström, Damien Hughes, Fredrik Ek, Magnus Berggren, Anders Arner, Martin Hjort and Roger Olsson ()
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Umut Aydemir: Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University
Abdelrazek H. Mousa: University of Gothenburg
Cedric Dicko: Lund University
Xenofon Strakosas: Linköping University
Muhammad Anwar Shameem: University of Gothenburg
Karin Hellman: Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University
Amit Singh Yadav: Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University
Peter Ekström: Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University
Damien Hughes: Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University
Fredrik Ek: Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University
Magnus Berggren: Linköping University
Anders Arner: Lund University
Martin Hjort: Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University
Roger Olsson: Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-12

Abstract: Abstract Without intervention, cardiac arrhythmias pose a risk of fatality. However, timely intervention can be challenging in environments where transporting a large, heavy defibrillator is impractical, or emergency surgery to implant cardiac stimulation devices is not feasible. Here, we introduce an injectable cardiac stimulator, a syringe loaded with a nanoparticle solution comprising a conductive polymer and a monomer that, upon injection, forms a conductive structure around the heart for cardiac stimulation. Following treatment, the electrode is cleared from the body, eliminating the need for surgical extraction. The mixture adheres to the beating heart in vivo without disrupting its normal rhythm. The electrofunctionalized injectable cardiac stimulator demonstrates a tissue-compatible Young’s modulus of 21 kPa and a high conductivity of 55 S/cm. The injected electrode facilitates electrocardiogram measurements, regulates heartbeat in vivo, and rectifies arrhythmia. Conductive functionality is maintained for five consecutive days, and no toxicity is observed at the organism, organ, or cellular levels.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51111-4

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