Chromosome-scale pearl millet genomes reveal CLAMT1b as key determinant of strigolactone pattern and Striga susceptibility

Hendrik N. J. Kuijer, Jian You Wang, Salim Bougouffa, Michael Abrouk, Muhammad Jamil, Roberto Incitti, Intikhab Alam, Aparna Balakrishna, Derry Alvarez, Cristina Votta, Guan-Ting Erica Chen, Claudio Martínez, Andrea Zuccolo, Lamis Berqdar, Salim Sioud, Valentina Fiorilli, Angel R. Lera, Luisa Lanfranco, Takashi Gojobori, Rod A. Wing, Simon G. Krattinger, Xin Gao and Salim Al-Babili ()
Additional contact information
Hendrik N. J. Kuijer: King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
Jian You Wang: King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
Salim Bougouffa: King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
Michael Abrouk: King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
Muhammad Jamil: King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
Roberto Incitti: King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
Intikhab Alam: King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
Aparna Balakrishna: King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
Derry Alvarez: King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
Cristina Votta: University of Torino; Viale Mattioli 25
Guan-Ting Erica Chen: King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
Claudio Martínez: Facultade de Química and CINBIO
Andrea Zuccolo: King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
Lamis Berqdar: King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
Salim Sioud: King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
Valentina Fiorilli: University of Torino; Viale Mattioli 25
Angel R. Lera: Facultade de Química and CINBIO
Luisa Lanfranco: University of Torino; Viale Mattioli 25
Takashi Gojobori: King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
Rod A. Wing: King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
Simon G. Krattinger: King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
Xin Gao: King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
Salim Al-Babili: King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-12

Abstract: Abstract The yield of pearl millet, a resilient cereal crop crucial for African food security, is severely impacted by the root parasitic weed Striga hermonthica, which requires host-released hormones, called strigolactones (SLs), for seed germination. Herein, we identify four SLs present in the Striga-susceptible line SOSAT-C88-P10 (P10) but absent in the resistant 29Aw (Aw). We generate chromosome-scale genome assemblies, including four gapless chromosomes for each line. The Striga-resistant Aw lacks a 0.7 Mb genome segment containing two putative CARLACTONOIC ACID METHYLTRANSFERASE1 (CLAMT1) genes, which may contribute to SL biosynthesis. Functional assays show that P10CLAMT1b produces the SL-biosynthesis intermediate methyl carlactonoate (MeCLA) and that MeCLA is the precursor of P10-specific SLs. Screening a diverse pearl millet panel confirms the pivotal role of the CLAMT1 section for SL diversity and Striga susceptibility. Our results reveal a reason for Striga susceptibility in pearl millet and pave the way for generating resistant lines through marker-assisted breeding or direct genetic modification.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51189-w

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