Exploring extremophilic fungi in soil mycobiome for sustainable agriculture amid global change

Luis Andrés Yarzábal Rodríguez, Peggy Elizabeth Álvarez Gutiérrez, Nina Gunde-Cimerman, Jimmy Casto Ciancas Jiménez, Adrián Gutiérrez-Cepeda, Ana María Fernández Ocaña and Ramón Alberto Batista-García ()
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Luis Andrés Yarzábal Rodríguez: Universidad Católica de Cuenca
Peggy Elizabeth Álvarez Gutiérrez: Tecnológico Nacional de México/IT de Tuxtla Gutiérrez
Nina Gunde-Cimerman: University of Ljubljana
Jimmy Casto Ciancas Jiménez: Fundación PROINPA
Adrián Gutiérrez-Cepeda: Universidad Autónoma de Santo Domingo
Ana María Fernández Ocaña: Universidad de Jaén
Ramón Alberto Batista-García: Universidad de Jaén

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract As the Earth warms, alternatives to traditional farming are crucial. Exploring fungi, especially poly extremophilic and extremotolerant species, to be used as plant probiotics, represents a promising option. Extremophilic fungi offer avenues for developing and producing innovative biofertilizers, effective biocontrol agents against plant pathogens, and resilient enzymes active under extreme conditions, all of which are crucial to enhance agricultural efficiency and sustainability through improved soil fertility and decreased reliance on agrochemicals. Yet, extremophilic fungi’s potential remains underexplored and, therefore, comprehensive research is needed to understand their roles as tools to foster sustainable agriculture practices amid climate change. Efforts should concentrate on unraveling the complex dynamics of plant-fungi interactions and harnessing extremophilic fungi’s ecological functions to influence plant growth and development. Aspects such as plant’s epigenome remodeling, fungal extracellular vesicle production, secondary metabolism regulation, and impact on native soil microbiota are among many deserving to be explored in depth. Caution is advised, however, as extremophilic and extremotolerant fungi can act as both mitigators of crop diseases and as opportunistic pathogens, underscoring the necessity for balanced research to optimize benefits while mitigating risks in agricultural settings.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51223-x

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