N1-Methylpseudouridine and pseudouridine modifications modulate mRNA decoding during translation

Jeremy Monroe, Daniel E. Eyler, Lili Mitchell, Indrajit Deb, Abigail Bojanowski, Pooja Srinivas, Christine M. Dunham, Bijoyita Roy, Aaron T. Frank and Kristin S. Koutmou ()
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Jeremy Monroe: University of Michigan
Daniel E. Eyler: University of Michigan
Lili Mitchell: New England Biolabs Inc.
Indrajit Deb: University of Michigan
Abigail Bojanowski: University of Michigan
Pooja Srinivas: Emory University
Christine M. Dunham: Emory University
Bijoyita Roy: New England Biolabs Inc.
Aaron T. Frank: University of Michigan
Kristin S. Koutmou: University of Michigan

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract The ribosome utilizes hydrogen bonding between mRNA codons and aminoacyl-tRNAs to ensure rapid and accurate protein production. Chemical modification of mRNA nucleobases can adjust the strength and pattern of this hydrogen bonding to alter protein synthesis. We investigate how the N1-methylpseudouridine (m1Ψ) modification, commonly incorporated into therapeutic and vaccine mRNA sequences, influences the speed and fidelity of translation. We find that m1Ψ does not substantially change the rate constants for amino acid addition by cognate tRNAs or termination by release factors. However, we also find that m1Ψ can subtly modulate the fidelity of amino acid incorporation in a codon-position and tRNA dependent manner in vitro and in human cells. Our computational modeling shows that altered energetics of mRNA:tRNA interactions largely account for the context dependence of the low levels of miscoding we observe on Ψ and m1Ψ containing codons. The outcome of translation on modified mRNA bases is thus governed by the sequence context in which they occur.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51301-0

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