Super-shear ruptures steered by pre-stress heterogeneities during the 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquake doublet

Kejie Chen (), Guoguang Wei, Christopher Milliner, Luca Dal Zilio, Cunren Liang and Jean-Philippe Avouac
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Kejie Chen: Southern University of Science and Technology
Guoguang Wei: Southern University of Science and Technology
Christopher Milliner: California Institute of Technology
Luca Dal Zilio: Nanyang Technological University
Cunren Liang: Peking University
Jean-Philippe Avouac: California Institute of Technology

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract The 2023 M7.8 and M7.5 earthquake doublet near Kahramanmaraş, Turkey, provides insight regarding how large earthquakes rupture complex faults. Here we determine the faults geometry using surface ruptures and Synthetic Aperture Radar measurements, and the rupture kinematics from the joint inversion of high-rate Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), strong-motion waveforms, and GNSS static displacement. The M7.8 event initiated on a splay fault and subsequently propagated along the main East Anatolian Fault with an average rupture velocity between 3.0 and 4.0 km/s. In contrast, the M7.5 event demonstrated a bilateral supershear rupture of about 5.0–6.0 km/s over an 80 km length. Despite varying strike and dip angles, the sub-faults involved in the mainshock are nearly optimally oriented relative to the local stress tensor. The second event ruptured a fault misaligned with respect to the regional stress, also hinting at the effect of local stress heterogeneity in addition to a possible free surface effect.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51446-y

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