Ultraviolet astronomical spectrograph calibration with laser frequency combs from nanophotonic lithium niobate waveguides

Markus Ludwig, Furkan Ayhan, Tobias M. Schmidt, Thibault Wildi, Thibault Voumard, Roman Blum, Zhichao Ye, Fuchuan Lei, François Wildi, Francesco Pepe, Mahmoud A. Gaafar, Ewelina Obrzud, Davide Grassani, Olivia Hefti, Sylvain Karlen, Steve Lecomte, François Moreau, Bruno Chazelas, Rico Sottile, Victor Torres-Company, Victor Brasch, Luis G. Villanueva, François Bouchy and Tobias Herr ()
Additional contact information
Markus Ludwig: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY
Furkan Ayhan: École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
Tobias M. Schmidt: Université de Genève
Thibault Wildi: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY
Thibault Voumard: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY
Roman Blum: Swiss Center for Electronics and Microtechnology (CSEM)
Zhichao Ye: Chalmers University of Technology
Fuchuan Lei: Chalmers University of Technology
François Wildi: Université de Genève
Francesco Pepe: Université de Genève
Mahmoud A. Gaafar: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY
Ewelina Obrzud: Swiss Center for Electronics and Microtechnology (CSEM)
Davide Grassani: Swiss Center for Electronics and Microtechnology (CSEM)
Olivia Hefti: Swiss Center for Electronics and Microtechnology (CSEM)
Sylvain Karlen: Swiss Center for Electronics and Microtechnology (CSEM)
Steve Lecomte: Swiss Center for Electronics and Microtechnology (CSEM)
François Moreau: Université d’Aix-Marseille
Bruno Chazelas: Université de Genève
Rico Sottile: Université d’Aix-Marseille
Victor Torres-Company: Chalmers University of Technology
Victor Brasch: Q.ANT GmbH
Luis G. Villanueva: École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
François Bouchy: Université de Genève
Tobias Herr: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract Astronomical precision spectroscopy underpins searches for life beyond Earth, direct observation of the expanding Universe and constraining the potential variability of physical constants on cosmological scales. Laser frequency combs can provide the required accurate and precise calibration to the astronomical spectrographs. For cosmological studies, extending the calibration with such astrocombs to the ultraviolet spectral range is desirable, however, strong material dispersion and large spectral separation from the established infrared laser oscillators have made this challenging. Here, we demonstrate astronomical spectrograph calibration with an astrocomb in the ultraviolet spectral range below 400 nm. This is accomplished via chip-integrated highly nonlinear photonics in periodically-poled, nano-fabricated lithium niobate waveguides in conjunction with a robust infrared electro-optic comb generator, as well as a chip-integrated microresonator comb. These results demonstrate a viable route towards astronomical precision spectroscopy in the ultraviolet and could contribute to unlock the full potential of next-generation ground-based and future space-based instruments.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51560-x

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