Non-apical mitoses contribute to cell delamination during mouse gastrulation

Evangéline Despin-Guitard, Viviane S. Rosa, Steffen Plunder, Navrita Mathiah, Kristof Schoor, Eliana Nehme, Sara Merino-Aceituno, Joaquim Egea, Marta N. Shahbazi, Eric Theveneau and Isabelle Migeotte ()
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Evangéline Despin-Guitard: Université Libre de Bruxelles
Viviane S. Rosa: MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology
Steffen Plunder: UPS
Navrita Mathiah: Université Libre de Bruxelles
Kristof Schoor: Université Libre de Bruxelles
Eliana Nehme: Université Libre de Bruxelles
Sara Merino-Aceituno: Oskar‐Morgenstern‐Platz 1
Joaquim Egea: Rovira Roure 80
Marta N. Shahbazi: MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology
Eric Theveneau: UPS
Isabelle Migeotte: Université Libre de Bruxelles

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-18

Abstract: Abstract During the epithelial-mesenchymal transition driving mouse embryo gastrulation, cells divide more frequently at the primitive streak, and half of those divisions happen away from the apical pole. These observations suggest that non-apical mitoses might play a role in cell delamination. We aim to uncover and challenge the molecular determinants of mitosis position in different regions of the epiblast through computational modeling and pharmacological treatments of embryos and stem cell-based epiblast spheroids. Blocking basement membrane degradation at the streak has no impact on the asymmetry in mitosis frequency and position. By contrast, disturbance of the actomyosin cytoskeleton or cell cycle dynamics elicits ectopic non-apical mitosis and shows that the streak region is characterized by local relaxation of the actomyosin cytoskeleton and less stringent regulation of cell division. These factors are essential for normal dynamics at the streak and favor cell delamination from the epiblast.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51638-6

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