Single-cell RNA sequencing illuminates the ontogeny, conservation and diversification of cartilaginous and bony fish lymphocytes

Hong-Yan Wang, Jian-Yang Chen, Yanan Li, Xianghui Zhang, Xiang Liu, Yifang Lu, Hang He, Yubang Li, Hongxi Chen, Qun Liu, Yingyi Huang, Zhao Jia, Shuo Li, Yangqing Zhang, Shenglei Han, Shuhong Jiang, Mingming Yang, Yingying Zhang, Li Zhou, Fujian Tan, Qianyue Ji, Liang Meng, Rui Wang, Yuyan Liu, Kaiqiang Liu, Qian Wang, Inge Seim, Jun Zou, Guangyi Fan, Shanshan Liu () and Changwei Shao ()
Additional contact information
Hong-Yan Wang: Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences
Jian-Yang Chen: BGI Research
Yanan Li: Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences
Xianghui Zhang: Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences
Xiang Liu: Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences
Yifang Lu: Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences
Hang He: BGI Research
Yubang Li: Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences
Hongxi Chen: BGI Research
Qun Liu: BGI Research
Yingyi Huang: Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences
Zhao Jia: Shanghai Ocean University
Shuo Li: Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences
Yangqing Zhang: Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences
Shenglei Han: Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences
Shuhong Jiang: Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences
Mingming Yang: BGI Research
Yingying Zhang: BGI Research
Li Zhou: BGI Research
Fujian Tan: BGI Research
Qianyue Ji: MGI Tech
Liang Meng: BGI Research
Rui Wang: Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences
Yuyan Liu: Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences
Kaiqiang Liu: Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences
Qian Wang: Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences
Inge Seim: Nanjing Normal University
Jun Zou: Shanghai Ocean University
Guangyi Fan: BGI Research
Shanshan Liu: MGI Tech
Changwei Shao: Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-17

Abstract: Abstract Elucidating cellular architecture and cell-type evolution across species is central to understanding immune system function and susceptibility to disease. Adaptive immunity is a shared trait of the common ancestor of cartilaginous and bony fishes. However, evolutionary features of lymphocytes in these two jawed vertebrates remain unclear. Here, we present a single-cell RNA sequencing atlas of immune cells from cartilaginous (white-spotted bamboo shark) and bony (zebrafish and Chinese tongue sole) fishes. Cross-species comparisons show that the same cell types across different species exhibit similar transcriptional profiles. In the bamboo shark, we identify a phagocytic B cell population expressing several pattern recognition receptors, as well as a T cell sub-cluster co-expressing both T and B cell markers. In contrast to a division by function in the bony fishes, we show close linkage and poor functional specialization among lymphocytes in the cartilaginous fish. Our cross-species single-cell comparison presents a resource for uncovering the origin and evolution of the gnathostome immune system.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51761-4

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