MXene-based kirigami designs: showcasing reconfigurable frequency selectivity in microwave regime

Omid Niksan, Lingyi Bi, Yury Gogotsi () and Mohammad H. Zarifi ()
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Omid Niksan: University of British Columbia
Lingyi Bi: Drexel University
Yury Gogotsi: Drexel University
Mohammad H. Zarifi: University of British Columbia

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract Today’s wireless environments, soft robotics, and space applications demand delicate design of devices with tunable performances and simple fabrication processes. Here we show strain-based adjustability of RF/microwave performance by applying frequency-selective patterns of conductive Ti3C2Tx MXene coatings on low-cost acetate substrates under ambient conditions. The tailored performances were achieved by applying frequency-selective patterns of thin Ti3C2Tx MXene coatings with high electrical conductivity as a replacement to metal on low-cost flexible acetate substrates under ambient conditions. Under quasi-axial stress, the Kirigami design enables displacements of individual resonant cells, changing the overall electromagnetic performance of a surface (i.e., array) within a simulated wireless channel. Two flexible Kirigami-inspired prototypes were implemented and tested within the S, C, and X (2-4 GHz, 4-8 GHz, and 8-12 GHz) microwave frequency bands. The resonant surface, having ~1/4 of the size of a standard A4 paper, was able to steer a beam of scattered waves from each resonator by ~25°. Under a strain of 22%, the resonant frequency of the wired co-planar resonator was shifted by 400 MHz, while the reflection coefficient changed by 158%. Deforming the geometry impacted the spectral response of the components across three arbitrary frequencies in the 4-10 GHz frequency range. With this proof of concept, we anticipate implementing thin films of MXenes on technologically relevant substrates, achieving multi-functionality through cost-effective and straightforward manufacturing.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51853-1

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