Nanotube spin defects for omnidirectional magnetic field sensing

Xingyu Gao, Sumukh Vaidya, Saakshi Dikshit, Peng Ju, Kunhong Shen, Yuanbin Jin, Shixiong Zhang and Tongcang Li ()
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Xingyu Gao: Purdue University
Sumukh Vaidya: Purdue University
Saakshi Dikshit: Purdue University
Peng Ju: Purdue University
Kunhong Shen: Purdue University
Yuanbin Jin: Purdue University
Shixiong Zhang: Indiana University
Tongcang Li: Purdue University

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-8

Abstract: Abstract Optically addressable spin defects in three-dimensional (3D) crystals and two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) materials are revolutionizing nanoscale quantum sensing. Spin defects in one-dimensional (1D) vdW nanotubes will provide unique opportunities due to their small sizes in two dimensions and absence of dangling bonds on side walls. However, optically detected magnetic resonance of localized spin defects in a nanotube has not been observed. Here, we report the observation of single spin color centers in boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) at room temperature. Our findings suggest that these BNNT spin defects possess a spin S = 1/2 ground state without an intrinsic quantization axis, leading to orientation-independent magnetic field sensing. We harness this unique feature to observe anisotropic magnetization of a 2D magnet in magnetic fields along orthogonal directions, a challenge for conventional spin S = 1 defects such as diamond nitrogen-vacancy centers. Additionally, we develop a method to deterministically transfer a BNNT onto a cantilever and use it to demonstrate scanning probe magnetometry. Further refinement of our approach will enable atomic scale quantum sensing of magnetic fields in any direction.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51941-2

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