Globalization of wild capture and farmed aquatic foods

Jessica A. Gephart (), Rahul Agrawal Bejarano, Kelvin Gorospe, Alex Godwin, Christopher D. Golden, Rosamond L. Naylor, Kirsty L. Nash, Michael L. Pace and Max Troell
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Jessica A. Gephart: University of Washington
Rahul Agrawal Bejarano: American University
Kelvin Gorospe: American University
Alex Godwin: American University
Christopher D. Golden: Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
Rosamond L. Naylor: Stanford University
Kirsty L. Nash: University of Tasmania
Michael L. Pace: University of Virginia
Max Troell: The Royal Swedish Academy of Science

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-13

Abstract: Abstract Aquatic foods are highly traded, with nearly 60 million tonnes exported in 2020, representing 11% of global agriculture trade by value. Despite the vast scale, basic characteristics of aquatic food trade, including species, origin, and farmed vs wild sourcing, are largely unknown due to the reporting of trade data. Consequently, we have a coarse picture of aquatic food trade and consumption patterns. Here, we present results from a database on species trade that aligns production, conversion factors, and trade to compute apparent consumption for all farmed and wild aquatic foods from 1996 to 2020. Over this period, aquatic foods became increasingly globalized, with the share of production exported increasing by 40%. Importantly, trends differ across aquatic food sectors. Global consumption also increased by 19.4% despite declining marine capture consumption, and some regions became increasingly reliant on foreign-sourced aquatic foods. To identify sustainable diet opportunities among aquatic foods, our findings, and underlying database enable a greater understanding of the role of trade in rapidly evolving aquatic food systems.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51965-8

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