Brightening triplet excitons enable high-performance white-light emission in organic small molecules via integrating n–π*/π–π* transitions

Qing Yang, Xinyi Yang (), Yixuan Wang, Yunfan Fei, Fang Li, Haiyan Zheng, Kuo Li, Yibo Han, Takanori Hattori, Pinwen Zhu, Shuaiqiang Zhao, Leiming Fang, Xuyuan Hou, Zhaodong Liu, Bing Yang and Bo Zou ()
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Qing Yang: Jilin University
Xinyi Yang: Jilin University
Yixuan Wang: Jilin University
Yunfan Fei: Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research
Fang Li: Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research
Haiyan Zheng: Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research
Kuo Li: Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research
Yibo Han: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Takanori Hattori: Tokai
Pinwen Zhu: Jilin University
Shuaiqiang Zhao: Jilin University
Leiming Fang: China Academy of Engineering Physics
Xuyuan Hou: Jilin University
Zhaodong Liu: Jilin University
Bing Yang: Jilin University
Bo Zou: Jilin University

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Luminescent materials that simultaneously embody bright singlet and triplet excitons hold great potential in optoelectronics, signage, and information encryption. However, achieving high-performance white-light emission is severely hampered by their inherent unbalanced contribution of fluorescence and phosphorescence. Herein, we address this challenge by pressure treatment engineering via the hydrogen bonding cooperativity effect to realize the mixture of n–π*/π–π* transitions, where the triplet state emission was boosted from 7% to 40% in isophthalic acid (IPA). A superior white-light emission based on hybrid fluorescence and phosphorescence was harvested in pressure-treated IPA, and the photoluminescence quantum yield was increased to 75% from the initial 19% (blue-light emission). In-situ high-pressure IR spectra, X-ray diffraction, and neutron diffraction reveal continuous strengthening of the hydrogen bonds with the increase of pressure. Furthermore, this enhanced hydrogen bond is retained down to the ambient conditions after pressure treatment, awarding the targeted IPA efficient intersystem crossing for balanced singlet/triplet excitons population and resulting in efficient white-light emission. This work not only proposes a route for brightening triplet states in organic small molecules, but also regulates the ratio of singlet and triplet excitons to construct high-performance white-light emission.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-52196-7

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