Superoxide radical derived metal-free spiro-OMeTAD for highly stable perovskite solar cells

Linfeng Ye, Jiahao Wu, Sergio Catalán-Gómez, Li Yuan, Riming Sun, Ruihao Chen, Zhe Liu, Jose María Ulloa, Adrian Hierro, Pengfei Guo (), Yuanyuan Zhou and Hongqiang Wang ()
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Linfeng Ye: Northwestern Polytechnical University
Jiahao Wu: Northwestern Polytechnical University
Sergio Catalán-Gómez: Universidad Politécnica de Madrid
Li Yuan: Northwestern Polytechnical University
Riming Sun: Northwestern Polytechnical University
Ruihao Chen: Northwestern Polytechnical University
Zhe Liu: Northwestern Polytechnical University
Jose María Ulloa: Universidad Politécnica de Madrid
Adrian Hierro: Universidad Politécnica de Madrid
Pengfei Guo: Northwestern Polytechnical University
Yuanyuan Zhou: The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay
Hongqiang Wang: Northwestern Polytechnical University

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract Lithium salt-doped spiro-OMeTAD is widely used as a hole-transport layer (HTL) for high-efficiency n-i-p perovskite solar cells (PSCs), but unfortunately facing awkward instability for commercialization arising from the intrinsic Li+ migration and hygroscopicity. We herein demonstrate a superoxide radicals (•O2−) derived HTL of metal-free spiro-OMeTAD with remarkable capability of avoiding the conventional tedious oxidation treatment in air for highly stable PSCs. Present work explores the employing of variant-valence Eu(TFSI)2 salts that could generate •O2− for facile and adequate pre-oxidation of spiro-OMeTAD, resulting in the HTL with dramatically increased conductivity and work function. Comparing to devices adopting HTL with LiTFSI doping, the •O2−-derived spiro-OMeTAD increases the PSCs efficiency up to 25.45% and 20.76% for 0.05 cm2 active area and 6 × 6 cm2 module, respectively. State-of-art PSCs employing such metal-free HTLs are also demonstrated to show much-improved environmental stability even under harsh conditions, e.g., maintaining over 90% of their initial efficiency after 1000 h of operation at the maximum power point and after 80 light-thermal cycles under simulated low earth orbit conditions, respectively, indicating the potentials of developing metal-free spiro-OMeTAD for low-cost and shortened processing of perovskite photovoltaics.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-52199-4

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