Enhancing electrochemical carbon dioxide capture with supercapacitors

Zhen Xu, Grace Mapstone, Zeke Coady, Mengnan Wang, Tristan L. Spreng, Xinyu Liu, Davide Molino and Alexander C. Forse ()
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Zhen Xu: University of Cambridge
Grace Mapstone: University of Cambridge
Zeke Coady: University of Cambridge
Mengnan Wang: Imperial College London
Tristan L. Spreng: University of Cambridge
Xinyu Liu: University of Cambridge
Davide Molino: University of Cambridge
Alexander C. Forse: University of Cambridge

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract Supercapacitors are emerging as energy-efficient and robust devices for electrochemical CO2 capture. However, the impacts of electrode structure and charging protocols on CO2 capture performance remain unclear. Therefore, this study develops structure-property-performance correlations for supercapacitor electrodes at different charging conditions. We find that electrodes with large surface areas and low oxygen functionalization generally perform best, while a combination of micro- and mesopores is important to achieve fast CO2 capture rates. With these structural features and tunable charging protocols, YP80F activated carbon electrodes show the best CO2 capture performance with a capture rate of 350 mmolCO2 kg–1 h–1 and a low electrical energy consumption of 18 kJ molCO2–1 at 300 mA g–1 under CO2, together with a long lifetime over 12000 cycles at 150 mA g–1 under CO2 and excellent CO2 selectivity over N2 and O2. Operated in a “positive charging mode”, the system achieves excellent electrochemical reversibility with Coulombic efficiencies over 99.8% in the presence of approximately 15% O2, alongside stable cycling performance over 1000 cycles. This study paves the way for improved supercapacitor electrodes and charging protocols for electrochemical CO2 capture.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-52219-3

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