Hydrogen storage with gravel and pipes in lakes and reservoirs

Julian David Hunt (), Andreas Nascimento, Oldrich Joel Romero, Behnam Zakeri, Jakub Jurasz, Paweł B. Dąbek, Tomasz Strzyżewski, Bojan Đurin, Walter Leal Filho, Marcos Aurélio Vasconcelos Freitas and Yoshihide Wada
Additional contact information
Julian David Hunt: King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
Andreas Nascimento: Federal University of Itajubá
Oldrich Joel Romero: Federal University of Espírito Santo
Behnam Zakeri: International Institute of Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA)
Jakub Jurasz: Wrocław University of Science and Technology
Paweł B. Dąbek: Wrocław University of Science and Technology
Tomasz Strzyżewski: National Research Institute
Bojan Đurin: University North
Walter Leal Filho: Hamburg University of Applied Sciences
Marcos Aurélio Vasconcelos Freitas: Federal University of Rio de Janeiro
Yoshihide Wada: King Abdullah University of Science and Technology

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Climate change is projected to have substantial economic, social, and environmental impacts worldwide. Currently, the leading solutions for hydrogen storage are in salt caverns, and depleted natural gas reservoirs. However, the required geological formations are limited to certain regions. To increase alternatives for hydrogen storage, this paper proposes storing hydrogen in pipes filled with gravel in lakes, hydropower, and pumped hydro storage reservoirs. Hydrogen is insoluble in water, non-toxic, and does not threaten aquatic life. Results show the levelized cost of hydrogen storage to be 0.17 USD kg−1 at 200 m depth, which is competitive with other large scale hydrogen storage options. Storing hydrogen in lakes, hydropower, and pumped hydro storage reservoirs increases the alternatives for storing hydrogen and might support the development of a hydrogen economy in the future. The global potential for hydrogen storage in reservoirs and lakes is 3 and 12 PWh, respectively. Hydrogen storage in lakes and reservoirs can support the development of a hydrogen economy in the future by providing abundant and cheap hydrogen storage.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-52237-1

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