Gut symbiont-derived sphingosine modulates vector competence in Aedes mosquitoes

Xiaomei Sun, Yanhong Wang, Fei Yuan, Yanan Zhang, Xun Kang, Jian Sun, Pengcheng Wang, Tengfei Lu, Fanny Sae Wang, Jinbao Gu, Jinglin Wang, Qianfeng Xia (), Aihua Zheng () and Zhen Zou ()
Additional contact information
Xiaomei Sun: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Yanhong Wang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Fei Yuan: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Yanan Zhang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Xun Kang: Hainan Medical University
Jian Sun: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Pengcheng Wang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Tengfei Lu: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Fanny Sae Wang: Mahidol University
Jinbao Gu: Southern Medical University
Jinglin Wang: Yunnan Animal Science and Veterinary Institute
Qianfeng Xia: Hainan Medical University
Aihua Zheng: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Zhen Zou: Chinese Academy of Sciences

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-16

Abstract: Abstract The main vectors of Zika virus (ZIKV) and dengue virus (DENV) are Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus, with Ae. aegypti being more competent. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we find Ae. albopictus shows comparable vector competence to ZIKV/DENV with Ae. aegypti by blood-feeding after antibiotic treatment or intrathoracic injection. This suggests that midgut microbiota can influence vector competence. Enterobacter hormaechei_B17 (Eh_B17) is isolated from field-collected Ae. albopictus and conferred resistance to ZIKV/DENV infection in Ae. aegypti after gut-transplantation. Sphingosine, a metabolite secreted by Eh_B17, effectively suppresses ZIKV infection in both Ae. aegypti and cell cultures by blocking viral entry during the fusion step, with an IC50 of approximately 10 μM. A field survey reveals that Eh_B17 preferentially colonizes Ae. albopictus compared to Ae. aegypti. And field Ae. albopictus positive for Eh_B17 are more resistant to ZIKV infection. These findings underscore the potential of gut symbiotic bacteria, such as Eh_B17, to modulate the arbovirus vector competence of Aedes mosquitoes. As a natural antiviral agent, Eh_B17 holds promise as a potential candidate for blocking ZIKV/DENV transmission.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-52566-1

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