Unlocking high photosensitivity direct laser writing and observing atomic clustering in glass

Wenyan Zheng, Zhuo Wang, Weilin Chen, Mengchao Zhang, Hui Li, Guang Yang, Qiang Xu, Xvsheng Qiao (), Dezhi Tan (), Junjie Zhang, Jianrong Qiu, Guodong Qian and Xianping Fan
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Wenyan Zheng: Zhejiang University
Zhuo Wang: Zhejiang University
Weilin Chen: Zhejiang University
Mengchao Zhang: Shanghai University
Hui Li: Shanghai University
Guang Yang: Shanghai University
Qiang Xu: Zhejiang University
Xvsheng Qiao: Zhejiang University
Dezhi Tan: Zhejiang University
Junjie Zhang: China Jiliang University
Jianrong Qiu: Zhejiang University
Guodong Qian: Zhejiang University
Xianping Fan: Zhejiang University

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract The direct laser writing (DLW) of photoluminescent metal clusters is inspiring intensive research in functional glasses. However, understanding the influence of the host structure on cluster formation and visualizing DLW-induced clusters at the atomic scale remains challenging. In this work, we develop a highly photosensitive fluorophosphate glass through fluorine incorporation. The addition of fluorine establishes a conducive environment for Ag+ ions before DLW and enhances the availability of reducing agents and diffusion pathways during DLW. These advantages facilitate the formation of Ag clusters under low-energy single-pulsed DLW. Increasing laser energy results in a combination of Ag clusters and glasses defect, forming a dot + ring photoluminescent pattern. Atom probe tomography (APT), a technique capable of mapping the elemental spatial distribution and identifying clustering, is employed to gain more information on laser-induced clusters. Comparison of APT results between samples without and with DLW reveals the formation of Ag clusters after laser writing. The design concept and characterization enrich the understanding of Ag cluster behavior in glasses. This knowledge opens the possibility of rational design of clusters confined in glasses and inspires their synthesis for various applications.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-52628-4

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