Low-field-driven large strain in lead zirconate titanium-based piezoceramics incorporating relaxor lead magnesium niobate for actuation

Yuqi Jiang, Mao-Hua Zhang (), Chao-Feng Wu, Ze Xu, Zhao Li, Jing-Tong Lu, Hao-Feng Huang, Jia-Jun Zhou (), Yi-Xuan Liu (), Tianhang Zhou (), Wen Gong () and Ke Wang
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Yuqi Jiang: Tsinghua University
Mao-Hua Zhang: Wuzhen Laboratory
Chao-Feng Wu: Tongxiang Tsingfeng Technology Co. Ltd.
Ze Xu: Tsinghua University
Zhao Li: Tsinghua University
Jing-Tong Lu: Tsinghua University
Hao-Feng Huang: Tsinghua University
Jia-Jun Zhou: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Yi-Xuan Liu: Tsinghua University
Tianhang Zhou: China University of Petroleum (Beijing)
Wen Gong: Wuzhen Laboratory
Ke Wang: Tsinghua University

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract Studies on the piezoelectric materials capable of efficiently outputting high electrostrains at low electric fields are driven by the demand for precise actuation in a wide range of applications. Large electrostrains of piezoceramics in operation require high driving fields, which limits their practical application due to undesirable nonlinearities and high energy consumption. Herein, a strategy is developed to enhance the electrostrains of piezoceramics while maintaining low hysteresis by incorporating lead magnesium niobate relaxors into lead zirconate titanium at the morphotropic phase boundary. An ultrahigh inverse piezoelectric coefficient $${d}_{33}^{*}$$ d 33 * of 1380 pm/V with a reduced hysteresis of 11.5% is achieved under a low electric field of 1 kV/mm, outperforming the major lead-based piezoelectric materials. In situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction and domain wall dynamics characterization with sub-microsecond temporal resolution reveal that the outstanding performances originate from facilitated domain wall movement, which in turn is due to reduced lattice distortion and miniaturized domain structures. These findings not only address the pending challenges of effective actuation under reduced driving conditions but also lay the foundation for a more systematic approach to exploring the origin of large electrostrains.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-53007-9

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