CRISPR screens and lectin microarrays identify high mannose N-glycan regulators

C. Kimberly Tsui (), Nicholas Twells, Jenni Durieux, Emma Doan, Jacqueline Woo, Noosha Khosrojerdi, Janiya Brooks, Ayodeji Kulepa, Brant Webster, Lara K. Mahal and Andrew Dillin ()
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C. Kimberly Tsui: Berkeley
Nicholas Twells: University of Alberta
Jenni Durieux: Berkeley
Emma Doan: Berkeley
Jacqueline Woo: Berkeley
Noosha Khosrojerdi: Berkeley
Janiya Brooks: Berkeley
Ayodeji Kulepa: University of Alberta
Brant Webster: Berkeley
Lara K. Mahal: University of Alberta
Andrew Dillin: Berkeley

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-13

Abstract: Abstract Glycans play critical roles in cellular signaling and function. Unlike proteins, glycan structures are not templated from genetic sequences but synthesized by the concerted activity of many genes, making them historically challenging to study. Here, we present a strategy that utilizes CRISPR screens and lectin microarrays to uncover and characterize regulators of glycosylation. We applied this approach to study the regulation of high mannose glycans – the starting structure of all asparagine(N)-linked-glycans. We used CRISPR screens to uncover the expanded network of genes controlling high mannose levels, followed by lectin microarrays to fully measure the complex effect of select regulators on glycosylation globally. Through this, we elucidated how two high mannose regulators – TM9SF3 and the CCC complex – control complex N-glycosylation via regulating Golgi morphology and function. Notably, this allows us to interrogate Golgi function in-depth and reveals that similar disruption to Golgi morphology can lead to drastically different glycosylation outcomes. Collectively, this work demonstrates a generalizable approach for systematically dissecting the regulatory network underlying glycosylation.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-53225-1

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