Chromatic covalent organic frameworks enabling in-vivo chemical tomography

Song Wang, Yangyang Han, Vaishnavi Amarr Reddy, Mervin Chun-Yi Ang, Gabriel Sánchez-Velázquez, Jolly Madathiparambil Saju, Yunteng Cao, Duc Thinh Khong, Praveen Kumar Jayapal, Raju Cheerlavancha, Suh In Loh, Gajendra Pratap Singh, Daisuke Urano, Sarojam Rajani, Benedetto Marelli () and Michael S. Strano ()
Additional contact information
Song Wang: Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology Centre
Yangyang Han: Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology Centre
Vaishnavi Amarr Reddy: Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory Limited
Mervin Chun-Yi Ang: Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology Centre
Gabriel Sánchez-Velázquez: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Jolly Madathiparambil Saju: Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory Limited
Yunteng Cao: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Duc Thinh Khong: Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology Centre
Praveen Kumar Jayapal: Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology Centre
Raju Cheerlavancha: Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology Centre
Suh In Loh: Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology Centre
Gajendra Pratap Singh: Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology Centre
Daisuke Urano: Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory Limited
Sarojam Rajani: Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory Limited
Benedetto Marelli: Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology Centre
Michael S. Strano: Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology Centre

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract Covalent organic frameworks designed as chromatic sensors offer opportunities to probe biological interfaces, particularly when combined with biocompatible matrices. Particularly compelling is the prospect of chemical tomography – or the 3D spatial mapping of chemical detail within the complex environment of living systems. Herein, we demonstrate a chromic Covalent Organic Framework (COF) integrated within silk fibroin (SF) microneedles that probe plant vasculature, sense the alkalization of vascular fluid as a biomarker for drought stress, and provide a 3D in-vivo mapping of chemical gradients using smartphone technology. A series of Schiff base COFs with tunable pKa ranging from 5.6 to 7.6 enable conical, optically transparent SF microneedles with COF coatings of 120 to 950 nm to probe vascular fluid and the surrounding tissues of tobacco and tomato plants. The conical design allows for 3D mapping of the chemical environment (such as pH) at standoff distances from the plant, enabling in-vivo chemical tomography. Chromatic COF sensors of this type will enable multidimensional chemical mapping of previously inaccessible and complex environments.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-53532-7

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