The genetic mechanism of B chromosome drive in rye illuminated by chromosome-scale assembly

Jianyong Chen (), Jan Bartoš, Anastassia Boudichevskaia, Anna Voigt, Mark Timothy Rabanus-Wallace, Steven Dreissig, Zuzana Tulpová, Hana Šimková, Jiří Macas, Gihwan Kim, Jonas Buhl, Katharina Bürstenbinder, Frank R. Blattner, Jörg Fuchs, Thomas Schmutzer, Axel Himmelbach, Veit Schubert and Andreas Houben ()
Additional contact information
Jianyong Chen: Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben
Jan Bartoš: Centre of Plant Structural and Functional Genomics
Anastassia Boudichevskaia: Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben
Anna Voigt: Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben
Mark Timothy Rabanus-Wallace: Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben
Steven Dreissig: Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg
Zuzana Tulpová: Centre of Plant Structural and Functional Genomics
Hana Šimková: Centre of Plant Structural and Functional Genomics
Jiří Macas: Czech Academy of Sciences
Gihwan Kim: Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben
Jonas Buhl: Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry
Katharina Bürstenbinder: Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry
Frank R. Blattner: Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben
Jörg Fuchs: Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben
Thomas Schmutzer: Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg
Axel Himmelbach: Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben
Veit Schubert: Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben
Andreas Houben: Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-18

Abstract: Abstract The genomes of many plants, animals, and fungi frequently comprise dispensable B chromosomes that rely upon various chromosomal drive mechanisms to counteract the tendency of non-essential genetic elements to be purged over time. The B chromosome of rye – a model system for nearly a century – undergoes targeted nondisjunction during first pollen mitosis, favouring segregation into the generative nucleus, thus increasing their numbers over generations. However, the genetic mechanisms underlying this process are poorly understood. Here, using a newly-assembled, ~430 Mb-long rye B chromosome pseudomolecule, we identify five candidate genes whose role as trans-acting moderators of the chromosomal drive is supported by karyotyping, chromosome drive analysis and comparative RNA-seq. Among them, we identify DCR28, coding a microtubule-associated protein related to cell division, and detect this gene also in the B chromosome of Aegilops speltoides. The DCR28 gene family is neo-functionalised and serially-duplicated with 15 B chromosome-located copies that are uniquely highly expressed in the first pollen mitosis of rye.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-53799-w

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