Marine and terrestrial contributions to atmospheric deposition fluxes of methylated arsenic species

Esther S. Breuninger (), Julie Tolu (), Franziska Aemisegger, Iris Thurnherr, Sylvain Bouchet, Adrien Mestrot, Rachele Ossola, Kristopher McNeill, Dariya Tukhmetova, Jochen Vogl, Björn Meermann, Jeroen E. Sonke and Lenny H. E. Winkel ()
Additional contact information
Esther S. Breuninger: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology
Julie Tolu: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology
Franziska Aemisegger: ETH Zurich
Iris Thurnherr: ETH Zurich
Sylvain Bouchet: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology
Adrien Mestrot: University of Bern
Rachele Ossola: ETH Zurich
Kristopher McNeill: ETH Zurich
Dariya Tukhmetova: Division 1.1—Inorganic Trace Analysis
Jochen Vogl: Division 1.1—Inorganic Trace Analysis
Björn Meermann: Division 1.1—Inorganic Trace Analysis
Jeroen E. Sonke: CNRS/IRD/Université de Toulouse
Lenny H. E. Winkel: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-13

Abstract: Abstract Arsenic, a toxic element from both anthropogenic and natural sources, reaches surface environments through atmospheric cycling and dry and wet deposition. Biomethylation volatilizes arsenic into the atmosphere and deposition cycles it back to the surface, affecting soil-plant systems. Chemical speciation of deposited arsenic is important for understanding further processing in soils and bioavailability. However, the range of atmospheric transport and source signature of arsenic species remain understudied. Here we report significant levels of methylated arsenic in precipitation, cloud water and aerosols collected under free tropospheric conditions at Pic du Midi Observatory (France) indicating long-range transport, which is crucial for atmospheric budgets. Through chemical analyses and moisture source diagnostics, we identify terrestrial and marine sources for distinct arsenic species. Estimated atmospheric deposition fluxes of methylated arsenic are similar to reported methylation rates in soils, highlighting atmospheric deposition as a significant, overlooked source of potentially bioavailable methylated arsenic species impacting plant uptake in soils.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-53974-z

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