Dengue virus IgG and neutralizing antibody titers measured with standard and mature viruses are protective

Camila D. Odio, Jedas Veronica Daag, Maria Vinna Crisostomo, Charlie J. Voirin, Ana Coello Escoto, Cameron Adams, Lindsay Dahora Hein, Rosemary A. Aogo, Patrick I. Mpingabo, Guillermo Raimundi Rodriguez, Saba Firdous, Maria Abad Fernandez, Laura J. White, Kristal An Agrupis, Jacqueline Deen, Aravinda M. Silva, Michelle Ylade () and Leah C. Katzelnick ()
Additional contact information
Camila D. Odio: National Institutes of Health
Jedas Veronica Daag: University of the Philippines Manila
Maria Vinna Crisostomo: University of the Philippines Manila
Charlie J. Voirin: National Institutes of Health
Ana Coello Escoto: National Institutes of Health
Cameron Adams: University of North Carolina School of Medicine
Lindsay Dahora Hein: University of North Carolina School of Medicine
Rosemary A. Aogo: National Institutes of Health
Patrick I. Mpingabo: National Institutes of Health
Guillermo Raimundi Rodriguez: National Institutes of Health
Saba Firdous: National Institutes of Health
Maria Abad Fernandez: University of North Carolina School of Medicine
Laura J. White: University of North Carolina School of Medicine
Kristal An Agrupis: University of the Philippines Manila
Jacqueline Deen: University of the Philippines Manila
Aravinda M. Silva: University of North Carolina School of Medicine
Michelle Ylade: University of the Philippines Manila
Leah C. Katzelnick: National Institutes of Health

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-12

Abstract: Abstract The standard dengue virus (DENV) neutralization assay inconsistently predicts dengue protection. We compare how IgG ELISA, envelope domain III (EDIII), or non-structural protein 1 (NS1) binding antibodies, and titers from plaque reduction neutralization tests (PRNTs) using standard and mature viruses are associated with dengue. The ELISA measures IgG antibodies that bind to inactivated DENV1-4. The EDIII and NS1 assays measure binding antibodies, and the PRNTs measure neutralizing antibodies to each specific DENV serotype. Healthy children (n = 1206) in Cebu, Philippines were followed for 5 years. ELISA IgG≥3 was associated with reduced dengue probability relative to naïve children (3% vs. 10%, p = 0.007). Serotype-specific antibodies binding EDIII or NS1 had no association with dengue risk. Standard virus PRNT geometric mean titers (GMT) > 200 and mature GMT > 100 were associated with reduced dengue disease overall (p 100, only 2% of cases had mature virus PRNT titers>100 (p

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-53916-9

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