The glycerol stabilized calcium phosphate cluster for rapid remineralization of tooth enamel by a water-triggered transformation

Nan Luo, Bing-Qiang Lu (), Yu-Wei Deng, Hua Zeng, Yu Zhang, Jing-Yu Zhan, Xiao-Chen Xu, Gui-Zhi Cao, Jin Wen, Zhiyuan Zhang, Xi-Ping Feng, Xinquan Jiang, Feng Chen () and Xi Chen ()
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Nan Luo: Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
Bing-Qiang Lu: Tongji University
Yu-Wei Deng: Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Hua Zeng: Tongji University
Yu Zhang: Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
Jing-Yu Zhan: Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
Xiao-Chen Xu: Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
Gui-Zhi Cao: Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Jin Wen: Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Zhiyuan Zhang: Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Xi-Ping Feng: Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
Xinquan Jiang: Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Feng Chen: Tongji University
Xi Chen: Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-13

Abstract: Abstract Remineralization is a common strategy for the repair of early demineralized tooth enamels, but the harsh dynamic oral environment often hampers its efficacy. Rapid remineralization is expected to address this challenge, however, the stabilizers of remineralization materials often resist their transformation required for repair. Here, by dissolving the ions of calcium and phosphate in glycerol-dominant solvents, we obtain the calcium phosphate clusters (1–2 nm), which are stabilized by glycerol (with high viscosity and affinity to clusters), but can perform a fast enamel repair via the water-triggered transformation in both static and dynamic environments. Upon the in vitro and in vivo (female Sprague-Dawley rats) studies, the clusters swiftly enter the nano-/micro-sized enamel defect sites, then form a compact hydroxyapatite repair layer within a short time (30 min, much faster than the conventional materials), and significantly recovers mechanical properties. This material is promising for large-scale preparation and applications in dental remineralization.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-54785-y

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