A flexible catheter-based sensor array for upper airway soft tissues pressure monitoring

Jiang Shang, Xiaoxiao Ma, Peikai Zou, Chenxiao Huang, Zhechen Lao, Junhan Wang, Tingshu Jiang, Yanzhe Fu, Jiebo Li, Shaoxing Zhang, Ruya Li () and Yubo Fan ()
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Jiang Shang: Beihang University
Xiaoxiao Ma: Beihang University
Peikai Zou: Beihang University
Chenxiao Huang: Beihang University
Zhechen Lao: Beihang University
Junhan Wang: Beihang University
Tingshu Jiang: affiliated with the Medical College of Qingdao University
Yanzhe Fu: Beihang University
Jiebo Li: Beihang University
Shaoxing Zhang: Peking University Third Hospital
Ruya Li: Beihang University
Yubo Fan: Beihang University

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-12

Abstract: Abstract Obstructive sleep apnea is a globally prevalent concern with significant health impacts, especially when coupled with comorbidities. Accurate detection and localization of airway obstructions are crucial for effective diagnosis and treatment, which remains a challenge for traditional sleep monitoring methods. Here, we report a catheter-based flexible pressure sensor array that continuously monitors soft tissue pressure in the upper airway and facilitates at the millimeter level. The sensor’s design and versatile 3D femtosecond laser fabrication process enable adaptation to diverse materials and applications. In vitro testing demonstrates high sensitivity (38.1 Ω/mmHg) and excellent stability. The sensor array effectively monitors distributed airway pressure and accurately identifies obstructions in an obstructive sleep apnea animal model. In this work, we highlight the potential of this catheter-based sensor array for long-term, continuous upper airway pressure monitoring and its prospective applications in other medical devices for pressure measurement in human body cavities.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-55088-y

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