Overcoming optical losses in thin metal-based recombination layers for efficient n-i-p perovskite-organic tandem solar cells

Jingjing Tian, Chao Liu (), Karen Forberich, Anastasia Barabash, Zhiqiang Xie, Shudi Qiu, Jiwon Byun, Zijian Peng, Kaicheng Zhang, Tian Du, Sanjayan Sathasivam, Thomas J. Macdonald, Lirong Dong, Chaohui Li, Jiyun Zhang, Marcus Halik, Vincent M. Corre, Andres Osvet, Thomas Heumüller, Ning Li, Yinhua Zhou, Larry Lüer () and Christoph J. Brabec ()
Additional contact information
Jingjing Tian: Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
Chao Liu: Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
Karen Forberich: Helmholtz-Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (HI ERN)
Anastasia Barabash: Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
Zhiqiang Xie: Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
Shudi Qiu: Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
Jiwon Byun: Interdisciplinary Center for Nanostructured Films (IZNF)
Zijian Peng: Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
Kaicheng Zhang: Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
Tian Du: Helmholtz-Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (HI ERN)
Sanjayan Sathasivam: London South Bank University
Thomas J. Macdonald: University College London
Lirong Dong: Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
Chaohui Li: Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
Jiyun Zhang: Helmholtz-Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (HI ERN)
Marcus Halik: Interdisciplinary Center for Nanostructured Films (IZNF)
Vincent M. Corre: Helmholtz-Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (HI ERN)
Andres Osvet: Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
Thomas Heumüller: Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
Ning Li: South China University of Technology
Yinhua Zhou: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Larry Lüer: Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
Christoph J. Brabec: Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract Perovskite-organic tandem solar cells (P-O-TSCs) hold substantial potential to surpass the theoretical efficiency limits of single-junction solar cells. However, their performance is hampered by non-ideal interconnection layers (ICLs). Especially in n-i-p configurations, the incorporation of metal nanoparticles negatively introduces serious parasitic absorption, which alleviates photon utilization in organic rear cell and decisively constrains the maximum photocurrent matching with front cell. Here, we demonstrate an efficient strategy to mitigate optical losses in Au-embedded ICLs by tailoring the shape and size distribution of Au nanoparticles via manipulating the underlying surface property. Achieving fewer, smaller, and more uniformly spherical Au nanoparticles significantly minimizes localized surface plasmon resonance absorption, while maintaining efficient electron-hole recombination within ICLs. Consequently, optimized P-O-TSCs combining CsPbI2Br with various organic cells benefit from a substantial current gain of >1.5 mA/cm2 in organic rear cells, achieving a champion efficiency of 25.34%. Meanwhile, optimized ICLs contribute to improved long-term device stability.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-55376-7

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