Long-term memory plasticity in a decade-long connectivity study post anterior temporal lobe resection

Marine N. Fleury (), Lawrence P. Binding, Peter Taylor, Fenglai Xiao (), Davide Giampiccolo, Sarah Buck, Gavin P. Winston, Pamela J. Thompson, Sallie Baxendale, Andrew W. McEvoy, Matthias J. Koepp, John S. Duncan and Meneka K. Sidhu
Additional contact information
Marine N. Fleury: UCL
Lawrence P. Binding: UCL
Peter Taylor: UCL
Fenglai Xiao: UCL
Davide Giampiccolo: UCL
Sarah Buck: UCL
Gavin P. Winston: UCL
Pamela J. Thompson: UCL
Sallie Baxendale: UCL
Andrew W. McEvoy: UCL
Matthias J. Koepp: UCL
John S. Duncan: UCL
Meneka K. Sidhu: UCL

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-17

Abstract: Abstract Approximately 40% of individuals undergoing anterior temporal lobe resection for temporal lobe epilepsy experience episodic memory decline. There has been a focus on early memory network changes; longer-term plasticity and its impact on memory function are unclear. Our study investigates neural mechanisms of memory recovery and network plasticity over nearly a decade post-surgery. We assess memory network changes, from 3–12 months to 10 years postoperatively, in 25 patients (12 left-sided resections) relative to 10 healthy matched controls, using longitudinal task-based functional MRI and standard neuropsychology assessments. We observe key adaptive changes in memory networks of a predominantly seizure-free cohort. Ongoing neuroplasticity in posterior medial temporal regions and contralesional cingulum or pallidum contribute to long-term verbal and visual memory recovery. Here, we show the potential for sustained cognitive improvement and importance of strategic approaches in epilepsy treatment, advocating for conservative surgeries and long-term use of cognitive rehabilitation for ongoing recovery.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-55704-x

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