Structures of Saccharolobus solfataricus initiation complexes with leaderless mRNAs highlight archaeal features and eukaryotic proximity

Gabrielle Bourgeois, Pierre-Damien Coureux, Christine Lazennec-Schurdevin, Clément Madru, Thomas Gaillard, Magalie Duchateau, Julia Chamot-Rooke, Sophie Bourcier, Yves Mechulam and Emmanuelle Schmitt ()
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Gabrielle Bourgeois: Institut Polytechnique de Paris
Pierre-Damien Coureux: Institut Polytechnique de Paris
Christine Lazennec-Schurdevin: Institut Polytechnique de Paris
Clément Madru: Institut Polytechnique de Paris
Thomas Gaillard: Institut Polytechnique de Paris
Magalie Duchateau: Mass Spectrometry for Biology
Julia Chamot-Rooke: Mass Spectrometry for Biology
Sophie Bourcier: Institut Polytechnique de Paris
Yves Mechulam: Institut Polytechnique de Paris
Emmanuelle Schmitt: Institut Polytechnique de Paris

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-18

Abstract: Abstract The archaeal ribosome is of the eukaryotic type. TACK and Asgard superphyla, the closest relatives of eukaryotes, have ribosomes containing eukaryotic ribosomal proteins not found in other archaea, eS25, eS26 and eS30. Here, we investigate the case of Saccharolobus solfataricus, a TACK crenarchaeon, using mainly leaderless mRNAs. We characterize the small ribosomal subunit of S. solfataricus bound to SD-leadered or leaderless mRNAs. Cryo-EM structures show eS25, eS26 and eS30 bound to the small subunit. We identify two ribosomal proteins, aS33 and aS34, and an additional domain of eS6. Leaderless mRNAs are bound to the small subunit with contribution of their 5’-triphosphate group. Archaeal eS26 binds to the mRNA exit channel wrapped around the 3’ end of rRNA, as in eukaryotes. Its position is not compatible with an SD:antiSD duplex. Our results suggest a positive role of eS26 in leaderless mRNAs translation and possible evolutionary routes from archaeal to eukaryotic translation.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-55718-5

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