Two dimensional confinement induced discontinuous chain transitions for augmented electrocaloric cooling

Fang Wang, Zhong-Ye Wang, Yao-Rong Luo, Ming-Ding Li, Yu-Rong Yang, Wei Li, Xiao-Liang Wang, Tiannan Yang () and Qun-Dong Shen ()
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Fang Wang: Nanjing University
Zhong-Ye Wang: Nanjing University
Yao-Rong Luo: Nanjing University
Ming-Ding Li: Nanjing University
Yu-Rong Yang: Nanjing University
Wei Li: Nanjing University
Xiao-Liang Wang: Nanjing University
Tiannan Yang: Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Qun-Dong Shen: Nanjing University

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Overheating remains a major barrier to chip miniaturization, leading to device malfunction. Addressing the urgent need for thermal management promotes the development of solid-state electrocaloric cooling. However, enhancing passive heat dissipation through two-dimensional materials in electrocaloric polymers typically compromises the electrocaloric effect. In this work, we utilize two-dimensional polyamide with porous structure and hydrogen bonding to achieve multiple polar conformations with short-range order in the electrocaloric composite polymers. The structure minimizes intermolecular interactions while reducing energy barriers for field-driven polar-nonpolar conformational transitions. The electrocaloric polymer exhibits doubled cooling efficiency at electric fields as low as 40 MV m−1. Additionally, the electrode design achieves a vertical deformation of 2 millimeters, demonstrating the feasibility of self-driven electric refrigeration devices. This porous organic two-dimensional material resolves cooling efficiency limitations from spatial confinement, advancing the integration of two-dimensional materials in flexible electronics.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-55726-5

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