High transmission in 120-degree sharp bends of inversion-symmetric and inversion-asymmetric photonic crystal waveguides

Wei Dai, Taiki Yoda, Yuto Moritake, Masaaki Ono, Eiichi Kuramochi and Masaya Notomi ()
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Wei Dai: Tokyo Institute of Technology
Taiki Yoda: Tokyo Institute of Technology
Yuto Moritake: Tokyo Institute of Technology
Masaaki Ono: NTT Corporation
Eiichi Kuramochi: NTT Corporation
Masaya Notomi: Tokyo Institute of Technology

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-12

Abstract: Abstract Bending loss is one of the serious problems for constructing nanophotonic integrated circuits. Recently, many works reported that valley photonic crystals (VPhCs) enable significantly high transmission via 120-degree sharp bends. However, it is unclear whether the high bend-transmission results directly from the valley-photonic effects, which are based on the breaking of inversion symmetry. In this study, we conduct a series of comparative numerical and experimental investigations of bend-transmission in various triangular PhCs with and without inversion symmetry and reveal that the high bend-transmission is solely determined by the domain-wall configuration and independent of the existence of the inversion symmetry. Preliminary analysis of the polarization distribution indicates that high bend-transmissions are closely related to the appearance of local topological polarization singularities near the bending section. Our work demonstrates that high transmission can be achieved in a much wider family of PhC waveguides, which may provide novel designs for low-loss nanophotonic integrated circuits with enhanced flexibility and a new understanding of the nature of valley-photonics.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-56020-8

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