Ultrahigh piezoelectric performances of (K,Na)NbO3 based ceramics enabled by structural flexibility and grain orientation

Li-Feng Zhu, Dong Liu, Xiaoming Shi, Shiqing Deng (), Jiecheng Liu, Li-Yu Wei, Zi-Qi Yang, Qi Wang, Bo-Ping Zhang (), Houbing Huang, Shujun Zhang () and Jing-Feng Li ()
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Li-Feng Zhu: University of Science and Technology Beijing
Dong Liu: University of Science and Technology Beijing
Xiaoming Shi: University of Science and Technology Beijing
Shiqing Deng: University of Science and Technology Beijing
Jiecheng Liu: University of Science and Technology Beijing
Li-Yu Wei: Tsinghua University
Zi-Qi Yang: Tsinghua University
Qi Wang: University of Science and Technology Beijing
Bo-Ping Zhang: University of Science and Technology Beijing
Houbing Huang: Beijing Institute of Technology
Shujun Zhang: University of Wollongong
Jing-Feng Li: Tsinghua University

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-8

Abstract: Abstract (K,Na)NbO3-based ceramics are deemed among the most promising lead-free piezoelectric materials, though their overall piezoelectric performance still lags behind the mainstream lead-containing counterparts. Here, we achieve an ultrahigh piezoelectric charge coefficient d33 ∼ 807 pC·N−1, along with a high longitudinal electromechanical coupling factor (k33 ∼ 88%) and Curie temperature (Tc ∼ 245 °C) in the (K,Na)(Nb1-xSbx)O3-Bi0.5Na0.5ZrO3-BiFeO3 (KNN-xSb) system through structural flexibility and grain orientation strategies. Phenomenological models, phase field simulations and high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy reveal that the structural flexibility originates from the high Coulomb force between K+/Na+ ions and Sb ions in the KNN-xSb system, while the grain orientation promotes the displacement of B-site cations leveraging the engineered domain configuration. As a result of its excellent comprehensive piezoelectric properties, the textured KNN-5Sb/epoxy 1-3 piezoelectric composite is found to possess a broader bandwidth BW = 60% and higher amplitude output voltage than commercial PZT-5 and other KNN counterparts. These findings suggest that the textured KNN-5Sb ceramics could potentially replace current lead-based piezoceramics in transducer applications.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-56074-8

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