High-entropy engineered BaTiO3-based ceramic capacitors with greatly enhanced high-temperature energy storage performance

Xi Kong, Letao Yang (), Fanqi Meng, Tao Zhang, Hejin Zhang, Yuan-Hua Lin, Houbing Huang, Shujun Zhang, Jinming Guo () and Ce-Wen Nan ()
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Xi Kong: Tsinghua University
Letao Yang: Tsinghua University
Fanqi Meng: Tsinghua University
Tao Zhang: Hubei University
Hejin Zhang: Hubei University
Yuan-Hua Lin: Tsinghua University
Houbing Huang: Beijing Institute of Technology
Shujun Zhang: University of Wollongong
Jinming Guo: Hubei University
Ce-Wen Nan: Tsinghua University

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Ceramic capacitors with ultrahigh power density are crucial in modern electrical applications, especially under high-temperature conditions. However, the relatively low energy density limits their application scope and hinders device miniaturization and integration. In this work, we present a high-entropy BaTiO3-based relaxor ceramic with outstanding energy storage properties, achieving a substantial recoverable energy density of 10.9 J/cm3 and a superior energy efficiency of 93% at applied electric field of 720 kV/cm. Of particular importance is that the studied high-entropy composition exhibits excellent energy storage performance across a wide temperature range of −50 to 260 °C, with variation below 9%, additionally, it demonstrates great cycling reliability at 450 kV/cm and 200 °C up to 106 cycles. Electrical and in-situ structural characterizations revealed that the high-entropy engineered local structures are highly stable under varying temperature and electric fields, leading to superior energy storage performance. This study provides a good paradigm of the efficacy of the high-entropy engineering for developing high-performance dielectric capacitors.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-56195-0

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