Abnormal beam steering with kirigami reconfigurable metasurfaces

Guobang Jiang, Yingying Wang, Ziyu Zhang, Weikang Pan, Yizhen Chen, Yang Wang, Xiangzhong Chen, Enming Song, Gaoshan Huang, Qiong He, Shulin Sun (), Jizhai Cui (), Lei Zhou and Yongfeng Mei
Additional contact information
Guobang Jiang: Fudan University
Yingying Wang: Fudan University
Ziyu Zhang: Fudan University
Weikang Pan: Fudan University
Yizhen Chen: Fudan University
Yang Wang: Fudan University
Xiangzhong Chen: Fudan University
Enming Song: Fudan University
Gaoshan Huang: Fudan University
Qiong He: Fudan University
Shulin Sun: Fudan University
Jizhai Cui: Fudan University
Lei Zhou: Fudan University
Yongfeng Mei: Fudan University

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Dynamically controlling electromagnetic waves at will is highly desired in many applications, but most previously realized mechanically reconfigurable metasurfaces are of restricted wave-control capabilities due to the limited tuning ranges of structural properties (e.g., lattice constant or meta-atoms). Here, we present mechanically reconfigurable metasurfaces in which both lattice constants and local reflection phases of constitutional meta-atoms can be synchronously controlled based on the kirigami rotation transformation, thereby exhibiting extended tuning ranges and thus wave-control capabilities. In particular, such metasurfaces can exhibit continuously varied and even re-formed reflection-phase profiles along with the kirigami rotation transformation, serving as ideal platforms to achieve reconfigurable beam steering in pre-designed manners. Using this concept, we design and fabricate two kirigami metasurfaces, working as a beam flipper and as a beam splitter for microwaves, respectively, and experimentally characterize their wave-manipulation functionalities. Experimental results are in good agreement with full-wave simulations. The proposed idea is so general that it can be applied to realize reconfigurable metasurfaces with different materials/configurations or in high frequency regimes, for controlling electromagnetic waves and other classical waves (e.g., acoustic waves).

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-56211-3

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