Unveiling the neglected role of oxygen doping in nitrogen-doped carbon for enhanced capacitive deionization performance

Jiabao Li, Ruoxing Wang, Lanlan Han, Tianyi Wang (), Yusuke Asakura, Chengyin Wang, Guoxiu Wang, Xingtao Xu () and Yusuke Yamauchi ()
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Jiabao Li: Yangzhou University
Ruoxing Wang: Yangzhou University
Lanlan Han: Yangzhou University
Tianyi Wang: Yangzhou University
Yusuke Asakura: Nagoya University
Chengyin Wang: Yangzhou University
Guoxiu Wang: University of Technology
Xingtao Xu: Zhejiang Ocean University
Yusuke Yamauchi: Nagoya University

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-13

Abstract: Abstract Nitrogen-doped carbons (NCs) have demonstrated notable advantages for application in capacitive deionization (CDI). However, the potential roles of different nitrogen configurations in the CDI process, especially how the neglected oxygen doping synergistically works, remain unclear. In this work, we systematically addressed these critical issues and revealed the significant role of trace oxygen doping in enhancing the desalination performance of NC electrodes. By introducing oxygen into nitrogen-doped carbon nanosheets (ONC-S), using guanine as the precursor, we obtained abundant pyridinic and pyrrolic nitrogen configurations. This design aims to synergistically enhance the charge distribution, wettability, and ion diffusion of the target electrodes. Compared with commercial activated carbon and other state-of-the-art materials, our ONC-S electrode demonstrates superior specific capacitance, excellent cycling stability, and enhanced desalination efficiency. These findings highlight the synergistic effects of trace oxygen doping and the nitrogen configuration, offering valuable insights into the mechanisms driving the improved CDI performance.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-56694-0

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