Solvent-free fabrication of ultrathin two-dimensional metal oxides/sulfides in a fixed interlayer by geometric confinement

Weixue Wang, Yang Liu, Xinjie Du, Huihui Wang, Yuejie Ai, Qianwei Liu, Xiangke Wang () and Zhe Chen ()
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Weixue Wang: North China Electric Power University
Yang Liu: North China Electric Power University
Xinjie Du: North China Electric Power University
Huihui Wang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Yuejie Ai: North China Electric Power University
Qianwei Liu: State Grid Electric Power Engineering Research Institute Co. Ltd
Xiangke Wang: North China Electric Power University
Zhe Chen: North China Electric Power University

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials display unique characteristics owing to their ultrahigh surface-to-volume ratio and quantum confinement effects. Nonetheless, seeking a versatile and facile method to rationally shape ultrathin 2D frameworks is still an appealing challenge. Herein, a series of ultrathin 2D metal oxide crystals (2D MOs), including 3d transition metals (Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zr, W), lanthanide (Ce) and nontransition metal (In, Sn, Bi) oxides, were created through a confined interlayer growth strategy in combination with melt infiltration, in which no complicated chemistry or sophisticated equipment was needed. The 2D oxides presented lamellar constructions with high crystallinity, and the thickness was strictly limited to ~ 1 nm. The crystallization process, including the Frank-van der Merwe mode and the Volmer-Weber mode, was described. The defects and distortions of 2D TiO2 reduced the optical band gap and improved the sunlight utilization efficiency, thus accelerating the photocatalytic activity. This method could be extended to the preparation of 2D polymetallic oxides, metal sulfides etc., which enables the development of versatile systems for ultrathin 2D frameworks, especially for nonlayered structures originally.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-56912-9

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