Pluripotency factor Tex10 finetunes Wnt signaling for spermatogenesis and primordial germ cell development

Feifei Yuan, Jihong Yang, Fanglin Ma, Zhe Hu, Vikas Malik, Ruge Zang, Dan Li, Xianle Shi, Xin Huang, Hongwei Zhou and Jianlong Wang ()
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Feifei Yuan: Columbia University Irving Medical Center
Jihong Yang: Columbia University Irving Medical Center
Fanglin Ma: Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
Zhe Hu: Columbia University Irving Medical Center
Vikas Malik: Columbia University Irving Medical Center
Ruge Zang: Columbia University Irving Medical Center
Dan Li: Columbia University Irving Medical Center
Xianle Shi: Columbia University Irving Medical Center
Xin Huang: Columbia University Irving Medical Center
Hongwei Zhou: Columbia University Irving Medical Center
Jianlong Wang: Columbia University Irving Medical Center

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-22

Abstract: Abstract Testis-specific transcript 10 (Tex10) is highly expressed in the testis, embryonic stem cells (ESCs), and primordial germ cells (PGCs). We previously generated a Tex10 knockout mouse model demonstrating its critical roles in ESC pluripotency and preimplantation development. Here, using conditional knockout mice and dTAG-degron ESCs, we show Tex10 is required for spermatogenesis and ESC-to-PGCLC differentiation. Specifically, Tex10-null spermatocytes arrest at metaphase I, compromising round spermatid formation. Tex10 depletion and overexpression compromise and enhance ESC-to-PGCLC differentiation, respectively. Mechanistically, bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing reveals that Tex10 depletion downregulates genes involved in pluripotency, PGC development, and spermatogenesis while upregulating genes promoting somatic programs. Chromatin occupancy study reveals that Tex10 binds to H3K4me3-marked promoters of Psmd3 and Psmd7, negative regulators of Wnt signaling, and activates their expression, thereby restraining Wnt signaling. Our study identifies Tex10 as a previously unappreciated factor in spermatogenesis and PGC development, offering potential therapeutic insights for treating male infertility.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-57165-2

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