Evidence of isospin-symmetry violation in high-energy collisions of atomic nuclei

F. Giacosa, M. Gorenstein, R. Poberezhniuk and S. Samanta
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F. Giacosa: Jan Kochanowski University
M. Gorenstein: Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics
R. Poberezhniuk: Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics
S. Samanta: Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-15

Abstract: Abstract Strong interactions preserve an approximate isospin symmetry between up (u) and down (d) quarks, part of the more general flavor symmetry. In the case of K meson production, if this isospin symmetry were exact, it would result in equal numbers of charged (K+ and K−) and neutral (K0 and $${\overline{K}}^{0}$$ K ¯ 0 ) mesons produced in collisions of isospin-symmetric atomic nuclei. Here, we report results on the relative abundance of charged over neutral K meson production in argon and scandium nuclei collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 11.9 GeV per nucleon pair. We find that the production of K+ and K− mesons at mid-rapidity is (18.4 ± 6.1)% higher than that of the neutral K mesons. Although with large uncertainties, earlier data on nucleus-nucleus collisions in the collision center-of-mass energy range $$2.6 \,

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-57234-6

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