Probable evidence for a transient mega-electron volt emission line in the GRB 221023A

Lu-Yao Jiang, Yun Wang, Yu-Jia Wei, Da-Ming Wei (), Xiang Li, Hao-Ning He, Jia Ren, Zhao-Qiang Shen and Zhi-Ping Jin
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Lu-Yao Jiang: Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Yun Wang: Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Yu-Jia Wei: Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Da-Ming Wei: Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Xiang Li: Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Hao-Ning He: Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Jia Ren: Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Zhao-Qiang Shen: Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Zhi-Ping Jin: Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract Detection of spectral line in gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) is importance for studying GRB physics, as it provides insights into the composition and physical conditions of the GRB environment. However, progress in detecting X-ray or gamma-ray emission and absorption lines in GRB spectra has been relatively slow, only the narrow emission line feature of about 10 MeV found in GRB 221009A has exhibited a significance exceeding 5σ. Here, we report the probable evidence of a narrow emission feature at about 2.1 mega-electron volts (MeV) in the spectrum of GRB 221023A. The highest statistical significance of this feature is observed in the time interval between 8 and 30 seconds after Fermi Gamma-Ray Burst Monito trigger, with the chance probability value 4.20σ. We interpret this festure as being generated through the de-excitation of excited electrons in the relativistic hydrogen-like high-atomic-number ions entrained in the GRB jet.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-57791-w

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