Global characterization of mouse testis O-glycoproteome landscape during spermatogenesis

Qiannan Liu, Xiaoyan Lu, Yao Deng, Han Zhang, Rumeng Wei, Hongrui Li, Ying Feng, Juan Wei, Fang Ma, Yan Zhang () and Xia Zou ()
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Qiannan Liu: Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Xiaoyan Lu: Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Yao Deng: Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Han Zhang: Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Rumeng Wei: Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Hongrui Li: Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Ying Feng: Sichuan University
Juan Wei: Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Fang Ma: Sichuan University
Yan Zhang: Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Xia Zou: Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-17

Abstract: Abstract Protein O-glycosylation plays critical roles in sperm formation and maturation. However, detailed knowledge on the mechanisms involved is limited due to lacking characterization of O-glycoproteome of testicular germ cells. Here, we performed a systematic analysis of site-specific O-glycosylation in mouse testis, and established an O-glycoproteome map with 349 O-glycoproteins and 799 unambiguous O-glycosites. Moreover, we comprehensively investigated the distribution properties of O-glycosylation in testis and identified a region near the N-terminal of peptidase S1 domain that is susceptible to O-glycosylation. Interestingly, we found dynamic changes with an increase Tn and a decrease T structure from early to mature developmental stages. Notably, the importance of O-glycosylation was supported by its effects on the stability, cleavage, and interaction of acrosomal proteins. Collectively, these data illustrate the global properties of O-glycosylation in testis, providing insights and resources for future functional studies targeting O-glycosylation dysregulation in male infertility.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-57980-7

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