A wearable repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation device

Zihui Qi, Hao Liu, Fang Jin, Yihang Wang, Xuefeng Lu, Ling Liu, Zhengyi Yang, Lingzhong Fan, Ming Song, Nianming Zuo and Tianzi Jiang ()
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Zihui Qi: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Hao Liu: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Fang Jin: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Yihang Wang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Xuefeng Lu: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Ling Liu: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Zhengyi Yang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Lingzhong Fan: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Ming Song: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Nianming Zuo: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Tianzi Jiang: Chinese Academy of Sciences

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-14

Abstract: Abstract Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is widely used to treat various neuropsychiatric disorders and to explore the brain, but its considerable power consumption and large size limit its potential for broader utility, such as applications in free behaviors and in home and community settings. We addressed this challenge through lightweight magnetic core coil designs and high-power-density, high-voltage pulse driving techniques and successfully developed a battery-powered wearable rTMS device. The combined weight of the stimulator and coil is only 3 kg. The power consumption was reduced to 10% of commercial rTMS devices even though the stimulus intensity and repetition frequency are comparable. We demonstrated the effectiveness of this device during free walking, showing that neural activity associated with the legs can enhance the cortex excitability associated with the arms. This advancement allows for high-frequency rTMS modulation during free behaviors and enables convenient home and community rTMS treatments.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-58095-9

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