Ferromagnetism and correlated insulating states in monolayer Mo33Te56

Zemin Pan, Wenqi Xiong, Jiaqi Dai, Hui Zhang, Yunhua Wang, Tao Jian, Xingxia Cui, Jinghao Deng, Xiaoyu Lin, Zhengbo Cheng, Yusong Bai, Chao Zhu, Da Huo, Geng Li, Min Feng, Jun He, Wei Ji (), Shengjun Yuan (), Fengcheng Wu (), Chendong Zhang () and Hong-Jun Gao
Additional contact information
Zemin Pan: Wuhan University
Wenqi Xiong: Wuhan University
Jiaqi Dai: Renmin University of China
Hui Zhang: Wuhan University
Yunhua Wang: Lanzhou University
Tao Jian: Wuhan University
Xingxia Cui: Wuhan University
Jinghao Deng: Wuhan University
Xiaoyu Lin: Wuhan University
Zhengbo Cheng: Wuhan University
Yusong Bai: Wuhan University
Chao Zhu: Wuhan University
Da Huo: Wuhan University
Geng Li: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Min Feng: Wuhan University
Jun He: Wuhan University
Wei Ji: Renmin University of China
Shengjun Yuan: Wuhan University
Fengcheng Wu: Wuhan University
Chendong Zhang: Wuhan University
Hong-Jun Gao: Chinese Academy of Sciences

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-8

Abstract: Abstract Although the kagome model is fundamentally two-dimensional, the essential kagome physics, i.e., the kagome-bands-driven emergent electronic states, has yet to be explored in the monolayer limit. Here, we present the experimental realization of kagome physics in monolayer Mo33Te56, showcasing both ferromagnetic ordering and a correlated insulating state with an energy gap of up to 15 meV. Using a combination of scanning tunnelling microscopy and theoretical calculations, we find a structural phase of the monolayer Mo-Te compound, which forms a mirror-twin boundary loop superlattice exhibiting kagome geometry and multiple sets of kagome bands. The partial occupancy of these nearly flat bands results in Fermi surface instability, counteracted by the emergence of ferromagnetic order (with a coercive field ~0.1 T, as observed by spin-polarized STM) and the opening of a correlated hard gap. Our work establishes a robust framework featuring well-defined atomic and band structures, alongside the intrinsic two-dimensional nature, essential for the rigorous examination of kagome physics.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-58226-2

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