Retrievable hydrogel networks with confined microalgae for efficient antibiotic degradation and enhanced stress tolerance

Minwen Jiang, Jie Zheng, Yi Tang, Hai Liu, Yawen Yao, Jianfei Zhou, Wei Lin, Yuan Ma (), Jin Liu () and Jiajing Zhou ()
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Minwen Jiang: Sichuan University
Jie Zheng: Nanchang University
Yi Tang: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Hai Liu: Sichuan University
Yawen Yao: Sichuan University
Jianfei Zhou: Sichuan University
Wei Lin: Sichuan University
Yuan Ma: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Jin Liu: Nanchang University
Jiajing Zhou: Sichuan University

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract Antibiotic contamination has emerged as a global challenge, increasing antibiotic resistance and threatening human health and ecosystems. Bioremediation using microorganism offers sustainable methods to degrade such pharmaceutical contaminants. However, these microorganisms exhibit reduced activity under high-stress conditions, and are difficult to recycle and potentially leak into environment as microbial pollutions. Here we report bioprinted retrievable microalgae hydrogel networks (MHNs) by confining living microalgae in double-network hydrogels, which achieves enhanced antibiotic degradation (>99.3%) and recyclable ability. Particularly, coating MHN with tannic acid (MHN@TA) generates a semipermeable membrane to prevent the leakage of microalgae (

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-58415-z

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