Perfect anomalous refraction metasurfaces empowered half-space optical beam scanning

Tao He, Dongdong Li, Chengfeng Li, Haigang Liang, Chao Feng, Jingyuan Zhu, Lingyun Xie, Siyu Dong, Yuzhi Shi, Xiong Dun, Zeyong Wei, Zhanshan Wang () and Xinbin Cheng ()
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Tao He: Tongji University
Dongdong Li: Tongji University
Chengfeng Li: Tongji University
Haigang Liang: Tongji University
Chao Feng: Tongji University
Jingyuan Zhu: Tongji University
Lingyun Xie: Tongji University
Siyu Dong: Tongji University
Yuzhi Shi: Tongji University
Xiong Dun: Tongji University
Zeyong Wei: Tongji University
Zhanshan Wang: Tongji University
Xinbin Cheng: Tongji University

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-8

Abstract: Abstract Metasurface-based optical beam scanning devices are gaining attention in optics and photonics for their potential to revolutionize light detection and ranging systems. However, achieving anomalous refraction with perfect efficiency (>99%) remains challenging, limiting the efficiency and field of view (FOV) of metasurface-based optical beam scanning devices. Here, we introduce a paradigm for achieving perfect anomalous refraction by augmenting longitudinal degrees of freedom arousing a multiple scattering process to optimize symmetry breaking. An all-dielectric quasi-three-dimensional subwavelength structure (Q3D-SWS), composed of a purposely designed multilayer film and a dielectric metasurface separated by a spacer, is proposed to eliminate reflection loss and spurious diffraction, achieving >99% anomalous refraction efficiency. By independently rotating two cascaded Q3D-SWSs, we experimentally showcase half-space optical beam scanning, achieving a FOV of 144° × 144°, with a maximum efficiency exceeding 86%. Our results open new avenues for high-efficiency metasurfaces and advances applications in light detection and ranging systems.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-58502-1

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