Vacancy-induced suppression of charge density wave order and its impact on magnetic order in kagome antiferromagnet FeGe

Mason L. Klemm, Saif Siddique, Yuan-Chun Chang, Sijie Xu, Yaofeng Xie, Tanner Legvold, Mehrdad T. Kiani, Xiaokun Teng, Bin Gao, Feng Ye, Huibo Cao, Yiqing Hao, Wei Tian, Hubertus Luetkens, Masaaki Matsuda, Douglas Natelson, Zurab Guguchia, Chien-Lung Huang, Ming Yi, Judy J. Cha () and Pengcheng Dai ()
Additional contact information
Mason L. Klemm: Rice University
Saif Siddique: Cornell University
Yuan-Chun Chang: National Cheng Kung University
Sijie Xu: Rice University
Yaofeng Xie: Rice University
Tanner Legvold: Rice University
Mehrdad T. Kiani: Cornell University
Xiaokun Teng: Rice University
Bin Gao: Rice University
Feng Ye: Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Huibo Cao: Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Yiqing Hao: Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Wei Tian: Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Hubertus Luetkens: PSI Center for Neutron and Muon Sciences
Masaaki Matsuda: Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Douglas Natelson: Rice University
Zurab Guguchia: PSI Center for Neutron and Muon Sciences
Chien-Lung Huang: National Cheng Kung University
Ming Yi: Rice University
Judy J. Cha: Cornell University
Pengcheng Dai: Rice University

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-12

Abstract: Abstract Two-dimensional (2D) kagome lattice metals are interesting because their corner sharing triangle structure enables a wide array of electronic and magnetic phenomena. Recently, post-growth annealing is shown to both suppress charge density wave (CDW) order and establish long-range CDW with the ability to cycle between states repeatedly in the kagome antiferromagnet FeGe. Here we perform transport, neutron scattering, scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), and muon spin rotation (μSR) experiments to unveil the microscopic mechanism of the annealing process and its impact on magneto-transport, CDW, and magnetism in FeGe. Annealing at 560 °C creates uniformly distributed Ge vacancies, preventing the formation of Ge-Ge dimers and thus CDW, while 320 °C annealing concentrates vacancies into stoichiometric FeGe regions with long-range CDW. The presence of CDW order greatly affects the anomalous Hall effect, incommensurate magnetic order, and spin-lattice coupling in FeGe, placing FeGe as the only kagome lattice material with tunable CDW and magnetic order.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-58583-y

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