Anionic Strategy-Modulated Magnetic Ordering in Super-elongated Multiferroic Epitaxial Films

Guoqiang Xi, Yue-Wen Fang, Dongxing Zheng, Shuai Xu, Hangren Li, Jie Tu, Fangyuan Zhu, Xudong Liu, Xiuqiao Liu, Qianqian Yang, Jiushe He, Junwei Zhang, Wugang Liao, Jiesu Wang, Shiyao Wu, Xixiang Zhang, Kuijuan Jin (), Jianjun Tian, Linxing Zhang () and Xianran Xing
Additional contact information
Guoqiang Xi: University of Science and Technology Beijing
Yue-Wen Fang: CSIC-UPV/EHU
Dongxing Zheng: King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
Shuai Xu: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Hangren Li: University of Science and Technology Beijing
Jie Tu: University of Science and Technology Beijing
Fangyuan Zhu: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Xudong Liu: University of Science and Technology Beijing
Xiuqiao Liu: University of Science and Technology Beijing
Qianqian Yang: University of Science and Technology Beijing
Jiushe He: Lanzhou University
Junwei Zhang: Lanzhou University
Wugang Liao: Shenzhen University
Jiesu Wang: Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences
Shiyao Wu: Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences
Xixiang Zhang: King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
Kuijuan Jin: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Jianjun Tian: University of Science and Technology Beijing
Linxing Zhang: University of Science and Technology Beijing
Xianran Xing: University of Science and Technology Beijing

Nature Communications, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract Magnetic ordering of perovskite ferroelectric oxides is crucial for enhancing their stability and minimizing energy losses in magnetoelectric devices. However, inducing a transition from a magnetically disordered state to an ordered one remains a formidable challenge. Here, we propose a chemical sulfurization method that significantly enhances the magnetic ordering of multiferroic super-tetragonal phase BiFeO3 thin film. The out-of-plane and in-plane magnetization significantly increases after sulfurization, accompanied by a rotation of the magnetic easy axis. X-ray absorption spectroscopy and spherical aberration transmission electron microscopy reveal the reconfiguration of local electronic hybridization states, restructuring Fe–O hybridization from pyramid-like FeO5 to octahedral FeO6 geometries. This transformation is considered the root cause of the observed magnetic transition in the films. This sulfur-induced strategy for electronic hybridization reconfiguration is expected to break new ground, offering innovative methodologies for modulating perovskite oxides, two-dimensional ferroelectric films, and other ferromagnetic functional thin films.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-58594-9

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